Explaining the Difference Between AC EV Chargers and DC EV Chargers

Electric vehicle (EV) charging can be a complex topic, but understanding the basics of AC and DC chargers is crucial for any EV owner or enthusiast. Dive into this comprehensive guide to learn the key differences and decide which type suits your needs best.

Understanding the Basics of AC and DC Charging

Electric vehicles (EVs) require electricity to charge their batteries, and this can be achieved using alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC) chargers. AC chargers are the most common type and are typically found in homes and workplaces. They optimise power from the grid that the EV's battery can use. Conversion from AC power to DC power is done by the onboard charger within the vehicle.

On the other hand, DC chargers convert AC power to DC power before it reaches the vehicle, allowing for faster charging as the power reaches the battery without further conversion. Understanding these fundamental differences is the first step in making an informed decision about which type of charger suits your needs.

Hardware Differences: What Sets AC and DC Chargers Apart

The hardware components of AC and DC chargers differ significantly. AC chargers are generally less complex, consisting of a charging station that connects to the grid and a cable that connects to the vehicle. The vehicle's onboard charger handles the conversion from AC to DC.

DC chargers, however, are more complex and larger because they include the conversion equipment needed to change AC power to DC power before it reaches the vehicle. This external conversion allows for higher power delivery, making DC chargers bulkier and more expensive but also much faster.

Charging Speeds Compared: How Fast Can You Go?

One of the most significant differences between AC and DC chargers is the charging speed. AC chargers typically provide lower power levels, ranging from 3.7 kW to 22 kW. For example, a Tesla Model 3 using a 7 kW AC charger would take approximately 8-12 hours to fully charge from 0 to 100%.

In contrast, DC chargers offer much higher power levels, often ranging from 50 kW to 350 kW. Using a 150 kW DC fast charger, the same Tesla Model 3 can achieve an 80% charge in just about 30 minutes. This makes DC chargers ideal for quick top-ups during long journeys.

Ideal Use Cases: Where and When to Use AC or DC Chargers

AC chargers are well-suited for locations where vehicles are parked for extended periods, such as workplaces, fleets, body corporates, apartments, hotels, golf courses, leisure centres, education facilities and communities. They provide a convenient way to charge vehicles slowly over several hours, which can be cost-effective and sufficient for daily commuting needs.

DC chargers, on the other hand, are designed for fast charging in public areas where drivers need to quickly continue their journey. They are commonly found at motorway service stations, shopping centres, and other public charging hubs, providing the rapid charge needed for long-distance travel.

Choosing the Right Charger for Your EV Needs

Deciding between an AC and a DC charger depends on your specific needs and usage patterns. For daily commuting and work use, an AC charger is typically more than adequate and is a cost-effective solution. However, if you frequently embark on long trips and require quick recharges, investing in a DC charger or planning your routes around DC fast chargers would be beneficial.

Ultimately, a combination of both types of chargers might offer the best solution, providing flexibility and convenience for various driving scenarios. Understanding the differences and benefits of each type will help you make an informed decision and optimise your EV charging experience. Also be sure to check out the benefits of smart chargers.